Narcissistic personality has distorted regard for self and others. They have an inflated view of self as special and superior. They seek status, as outward signs of status are seen as a measure of personal worth. Narcissus is the origin of the term narcissism, a fixation with oneself and one's physical appearance or public perception.

Histrionic Personality has excessive emotionality and attention seeking. They are overly concerned with physical attractiveness. Emotions are exaggerated, labile and superficial with impressionistic style of speech.

Personality development occurs in a cascading model. There is a sequential development of a set of related constructs over time, where development of one construct enables the development of a set of other constructs called schemas.

Antisocial personality have a pattern for disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others. They lack empathy towards others. They may have a history of severely irresponsible and socially threatening behavior through childhood and youth.

Personality functioning depends on inner perspectives, functional schema, sensitivities and coping styles. Facilitating expression helps in assessing these aspects. Interrogation and judging increase defenses and denial. Historical patterns of behavior helps in identifying events but does not help understand cognition.